Located in southwestern Ethiopia, the Omo Basin is a rich tapestry of tribal culture and tradition. With the Omo increasingly dammed, large swathes of wild Omo have been allocated for sugar plantations. The Omo Valley is home to a range of Afro-Asiatic and Nilo-Saharan tribes and communities whose way of life is under threat. Additionally, there are considerable wilderness areas which play home to pockets of wildlife, but which are being slowly pushed to local extinction. Located in south west Ethiopia, the Omo Valley is a spectacularly beautiful and diverse landscape. The area is a melting pot of cultures and communities and represents some of the greatest genetic variance on the continent. The Omo River flows along the valley floor on the last leg of its journey to Lake Turkana, the largest desert lake in the world. The river plays as essential part in the lives of local communities and serves as an umbilical cord for Lake Turkana. Many describe the Omo as being the birthplace of mankind. It’s not hard to see why.
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Omo Valley
The Culture
One of Africa’s last unexplored frontiers, where tourists are still a rarity and where the wildlife is still wild, the Omo Valley is home to some of the last truly unchanged tribes-people within reach of the semi-civilised world. It should be noted that this is not a wildlife safari and much of the resident wildlife has been hunted out. The Omo Valley is cohabited by a colourful mix of tribes practising a mixture of pastoralism, small-scale cattle herding and subsistence agriculture. The Karo are expert body painters, using clays and locally available vegetable pigments. Hamar women wear their hair in dense ringlets smeared with mud and clarified butter and topped off with head-dresses of aluminium. The men mould extravagant ochre mud caps.
The lip-plate Mursi are some of Africa’s remotest and original tribes. This will not last forever as they are gradually exposed to Western values and materials. However, the Mursi are quite simply one of the most bizarre and fascinating of tribes, with their heavy clay lip plates worn by the women and colourful ochre paints and adornments.
Locate the Omo Valley
The Omo Delta
The Omo Delta is a little-known corner of the Valley. Accessed by boat, and an important archaeological site in terms of tracing our evolutionary beginnings, the Omo Delta is a stunningly remote area of islands and marshes. Inhabited by the Dassanech and Nyangatom, it is also of immense anthropological importance. Virtually untouched, the Dassanech villages are scattered among the islands, and in the riverine forest that runs north along the banks of the Omo River, and on into southern Ethiopia. Travelling by boat, you pass beautiful thick forests hanging over the river, full of birds, with villagers running to the banks to wave. You pass the Nyanyagatom, Hamar and Kara tribes along the way to the main Karo village of Duss. Further upstream from Duss, you will also find the lip-plate Mursi tribe, and their close cousins the Surma.
The Omo Delta is accessible between July and September. You can only cross from Turkana to Omo – across the Omo Delta – between June and November. Please note that despite the longevity of their cultures, traditions and languages, the people of the Omo Valley are under considerable threat, and that the kind of sustainable tourism we promote aims to support host communities without adversely affecting their ways of being.
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